PARIDHAVAMANA DOSHA

PARIDHAVAMANA DOSHA

• Paridhavamana is one of the eight types of Vamana Dosha (complications of emesis).

• It refers to a complication or abnormality occurring after the administration of Vamana Karma (therapeutic emesis).

• Paridhavamana indicates repeated or distressing vomiting after proper Vamana has already occurred.

• It is listed among the Vamana Vyapad (complications of Vamana Karma) described in classical Ayurvedic texts.

  
  

  VAMANA VYAPAT (GENERAL REFERENCE)

  अवमन्थश्च यो दोषो न सम्पूर्णं वमेद्बहिः।
  स पित्तं कफसंयुक्तो गदं कुर्यात् प्रकोपितः॥
  (च.चि. २१/७५)

  Translation: If the dosha is not completely eliminated by Vamana and remains inside the body, it can combine with other doshas like Pitta and cause complications.

DEFINITION

• "Paridhavamana" is derived from ‘Pari’ (again/repeatedly) and ‘Dhavamana’ (vomiting).

• It refers to excessive, untimely, or uncontrolled vomiting after completion of Vamana Karma, which should ideally cease after a certain number of vegas (vomiting bouts).

SANSKRIT REFERENCE

• The condition is described in Charaka Samhita Siddhisthana in the context of Vamana Vyapad.

चिरं वा वमति क्षीणो यदापि न किञ्चन।
द्रवति पच्यते वापि स परिधावमः स्मृतः॥
(Charaka Samhita, Siddhisthana 9/10)

Translation:
“If a person continues to vomit for a long time, even after the doshas have been expelled, or if there is constant flow or digestion is impaired, it is known as Paridhavamana.”

STAGES OF PARIDHAVAMANA DOSHA

Though not classically listed in "stages" like modern pathologies, the progression of Paridhavamana can be understood in clinical phases or manifestations for academic clarity:

1. INITIAL STAGE (EXCESS VEGAS BEYOND SHODHANA LAKSHANAS)

• Even after the appearance of shuddha vamana lakshanas (signs of proper emesis), vomiting continues.

• The patient experiences weakness, fatigue, and dehydration due to excessive vegas.

• There may be no more Kapha, yet vomiting persists, sometimes of Pitta or mixed contents.

2. MIDDLE STAGE (DRASTIC DEHYDRATION AND PITTA EXPELLED)

• Vomitus contains bile (Pitta), acidic material, and may have a yellowish-green color.

• Burning sensation, sour belching, and throat irritation occur.

• Patient starts showing signs of Pitta aggravation like thirst, fever, and dizziness.

3. ADVANCED STAGE (AGNI MANDYA AND DHATU KSHAYA)

• Continuous vomiting leads to Agni Mandya (weakened digestion).

• Dhatu kshaya (depletion of body tissues) occurs if not managed.

• Patient becomes pale, weak, confused, and may show signs of Avastha of Maruta vitiation due to excessive fluid and electrolyte loss.

CAUSES / NIDANA (TRIGGERS OF PARIDHAVAMANA)

• Excess administration of vamana dravya or wrong choice of emetics.

• Improper observation of shuddhi lakshanas (continuing vamana even after signs of proper emesis).

• Overexcited or unskilled administration of the therapy.

• Patient with low Bala (strength), Agni, or wrong Ritu (season).

• Ignoring Roga Avastha (stage of disease) or Rogi Bala.

CLINICAL FEATURES / LAKSHANAS

• Persistent, repeated vomiting even after expected vegas.

• Vomitus containing bile, acidic or sour-smelling fluid.

• Weakness, thirst, burning sensation, and discomfort.

• Signs of Agni Mandya like indigestion, nausea.

• In severe cases: electrolyte imbalance, collapse.

MANAGEMENT / CHIKITSA OF PARIDHAVAMANA

• Stop further Vamana immediately.

• Administer cooling and soothing therapies to pacify aggravated Pitta.

• Use Mrudu Snehana (gentle oleation), sheetala jala (cold water), and mild gruels like Yavagu.

• Deepana and Pachana dravyas once vomiting subsides.

• In case of extreme dehydration, use Drava sevan with Madhura, Sheeta, and Snigdha properties.

• Use of stambhana (antiemetic) drugs when needed, like:

"मधूकं पयसा सिद्धं वमने परिधावति।"
(Charaka Samhita Siddhisthana 9/35)

Translation:
“Milk decoction of Madhuka (Licorice) is beneficial in Paridhavamana.”

• SANSKRIT SHLOKA: TREATMENT GUIDELINE

  दोषान् सम्यगुपश्रान्तान् भेषजैरुपपादयेत्।
  स्नेहस्वेदादिभिः पूर्वं शक्तिमारोपयेत्पुनः॥
  (च.चि. २१/७९)

  Translation: The aggravated doshas should be pacified by appropriate medications. Strength of the patient must be restored using snehana (oleation), svedana (sudation), etc., before further treatments.

EXAMPLES

• A patient undergoing incomplete Vamana due to early stoppage may develop repeated retching with sour taste, indicating Pittaja Paridhavamana.

• Another patient who consumes heavy food immediately post-Vamana may develop Kapha-dominant symptoms like mucus vomiting and heaviness.

PROGNOSIS

• Sadhya (curable) if identified early and treated with proper stambhana and pitta-pacifying measures.

• Yapya or Kashtasadhya in patients with low Bala or advanced complications.

PREVENTION

• Follow proper Roga-Rogi Bala Pariksha before Vamana Karma.

• Observe Shuddhi Lakshanas carefully and stop Vamana at the right time.

• Use appropriate dose and quality of vamana drugs.

• Ensure Prachanna Karma is done under proper supervision.

  
  

  UPADRAVA (COMPLICATIONS) IF UNTREATED

  • Weakness and dehydration.

  • Secondary Pitta or Kapha disorders.

  • Improper digestion (Agnimandya).

  • May lead to chronic gastrointestinal issues.